Shiite patterns of post-migration in Europe. Islam and Christian–Muslim Relations

Van Den Bos, Matthijs (2020) Shiite patterns of post-migration in Europe. Islam and Christian–Muslim Relations. Islam and Christian-Muslim Relations 31 (1), pp. 1-22. ISSN 0959-6410.

Abstract

This brief reflection treats the reactive relation between the dispersions of (post-)migration and the integralism of religion in selected cases of European Shiism. It reconsiders reports on Twelver Shiism and Shiite Muslims in Europe in order to discern the main institutional and demographic tendencies in Shiites’ European settlement history in Britain, France, and Germany, and to explore such settlement in light of mega-theorizations of European Islam that juxtapose ‘integration’ and ‘separation’. The presentation focuses on Iranians in Britain and argues for the centrality of two complicating variations on the pattern: Integration-Retention (as in the case of blood donation practice) and Separation-Appropriation (as in the case of reformist Islamism in the Ettehādiye Society). Each type stems from heightened Self-Other reflection, triggered by migration and defined more precisely in terms of boundary setting. Such thought is double-scaled for differentiation (d) and reciprocation (r), contrasting jurisprudential treatments ‘there’ (+d/-r) and organizational engagement ‘here’ (-d/+r). Identity formation in European Shiism often involves the rebalancing of these elements.

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