Indigenous peoples’ rights and global governance of the environment: case study indigenous peoples of the Ecuadorian Amazon

Etchart, Linda Elizabeth (2022) Indigenous peoples’ rights and global governance of the environment: case study indigenous peoples of the Ecuadorian Amazon. PhD thesis, Birkbeck, University of London.

Abstract

Indigenous peoples in the Ecuadorian Amazon have been resisting colonialism since the early sixteenth century, seeking escape from exploitation and attempts at extermination. Indigenous communities have continued to campaign for territorial and cultural rights, self-determination and equality under national and international law. Despite the rights guaranteed to indigenous peoples under the plurinational Ecuadorian Constitution of 2008,however, the extractive industries continue to operate on indigenous land, contaminating water sources, causing deforestation and loss of biodiversity. Evidence gathered relating to the period of the administration of President Correa 2007-2017 demonstrates that international initiatives to protect indigenous peoples and the environment in which they live, including the United Nations Declaration on Indigenous Peoples of 2007, which incorporates the right to Free, Prior and Informed Consent, have often not succeeded in protecting either indigenous communities or the Amazon rainforest; rather, national and international laws have been interpreted and implemented in ways that have had consequences contrary to the purpose for which they were intended. Using primary research in the form of participation of representatives of Huaorani, Kichwa, Sápara, Achuar, Shuar and Cofán communities of the Ecuadorian Amazon, this study illustrates the ways in which international conventions to protect indigenous rights have become force-multipliers for operations of private and state interests that are damaging to both indigenous communities and the environment.

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