Balancing prevention and respect: the ethical stakes of a psychiatric genomics lens for mental disorder and intellectual disability

Kong, Camillia (2022) Balancing prevention and respect: the ethical stakes of a psychiatric genomics lens for mental disorder and intellectual disability. In: Tsermpini, E.E. and Alda, M. and Patrinos, G.P. (eds.) Psychiatric Genomics. Translational and Applied Genomics. Academic Press, Elsevier. ISBN 9780128196021.

Abstract

Abstract: Psychiatric genomics research and its potential clinical applications are motivated by an agenda of early intervention and prevention of mental impairments, including mental disorders and intellectual disabilities. Closer examination of the ethical grounding for this agenda reveals assumptions about the putative suffering of individuals living with mental impairment. This chapter critically examines this assumption in the psychiatric genomics agenda, exploring how alternative disability discourses must be integrated within the ethical framing of psychiatric genomics, particularly to draw attention to ways in which mental impairments can bear on individuals’ sense of identity and selfhood. The chapter highlights the conceptual and normative divergence between psychiatric genomics and disability approaches and suggests the need for further integration and dialogue between the two, so as to ensure engagement with and respect for individuals with most at stake with an early intervention and prevention agenda in psychiatric genomics. Book synopsis: Psychiatric Genomics presents and synthesizes available knowledge in the field of psychiatric genomics, offering methodologies to advance new research and aid clinical translation. After providing an introduction to genomics and psychiatry, international experts discuss the genomic basis of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, depression, personality disorders, anxiety disorders, addictions, eating disorders, and sleep disorders, among other disorders. In addition, recommendations for next steps in clinical implementation and drug discovery are discussed in-depth, with chapters dedicated to pharmacogenomics and antipsychotics, antidepressants and mood stabilizers, adverse drug reactions, implementation of pharmacogenomics in psychiatric clinics, and ethical issues. Finally, methods sections provide a solid grounding in research approaches and computational analytics, from using animal models in psychiatric genomics and accessing biobanks, to employing computational analysis, genome-wide association studies (GWAS), brain pathophysiology, and endophenotypes in psychiatric research.

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