A brief overview of strategies used to prevent or reduce human-wildlife conflict - a foundation for adaption to climate change

Blackmore, A. and McCormack, P. and Pooley, Simon (2024) A brief overview of strategies used to prevent or reduce human-wildlife conflict - a foundation for adaption to climate change. In: McCormack, P. and Caddell, R. (eds.) Research Handbook on Climate Change and Biodiversity Law. Research Handbooks in Climate Law. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishers, pp. 289-314. ISBN 978180037028.

Abstract

Humans have been managing human-wildlife interactions and conflicts since we first encountered wildlife; that is, for at least 200,000 years. Over that time, hunters, herders, landholders, communities and, more recently, land management agencies have developed a suite of strategies for avoiding, mitigating or preventing negative human-wildlife interactions, as well as human-to-human conflicts about best to manage them. These strategies have varied in their success and their formality. For example, while some management strategies are implemented and sanctioned in formal, legal instruments, others are informal and some strategies are expressly prohibited in law. Similarly, while some strategies have effectively addressed particular sources of damage, others must be implemented on an ongoing basis – as permanent land management arrangements. Against this age-old backdrop, climate change is driving new trends in human-wildlife interactions and conflicts. This chapter briefly synthesises recent developments in human-wildlife conflict scholarship to demonstrate emerging trends that should inform the use and development of climate-adapted strategies in the HWC management toolbox. The chapter then highlights three important themes for understanding HWC as the climate changes and enhancing our capacity to foster positive future interactions between human communities and wildlife.

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