The association of psychological capital and work outcomes among medical practitioners – a systematized review of the global literature

Quimby, Kim and Teoh, Kevin (2024) The association of psychological capital and work outcomes among medical practitioners – a systematized review of the global literature. World Cultural Psychiatric Research Review 19 (1), pp. 1-16. ISSN 1932-6270.

Abstract

Background: The stressors experienced by medical professionals can impair work outcomes. Psychological capital (PsyCap) promotes favourable results and negatively predicts adverse events. The aim of this review was to investigate the association between PsyCap and work-related outcomes among doctors. Here, work outcomes were categorised as ‘inward-facing’ i.e., those affecting the doctor, including wellbeing and attitudes; and ‘outward-facing’ i.e., those affecting the patient, e.g., performance. Methods: A Boolean search was performed in APA PsycArticles and Medline. All articles which assessed psychological capital and work outcomes in physicians were included. There was no restriction based on geography, study design or publication year. Articles were assessed in Rayyan and appraised using the JBI critical appraisal checklist. Data was extracted into an Excel spreadsheet. A narrative analysis was done. Results: Out of the 125 records retrieved, 15 were included in this review. Thirteen studies were situated in China with no studies in the Western hemisphere. All were cross-sectional studies. All reported on the inward-facing work outcomes whereas only 2 reported on outward-facing outcomes. All studies reported that PsyCap was positively associated positive work outcomes, e.g., job satisfaction and performance; and negatively associated with negative work outcomes like depression. Conclusion: This review corroborates other reports which show that PsyCap is positively associated with favourable outcomes and negatively associated with adverse outcomes. Clustering of the research in a restricted geographical location limits generalisability, as cultural nuances may apply. Research including performance measures as an outcome in this population is needed. Interventions to increase PsyCap are warranted.

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